Linux
The command line, services, users, storage and packages on Ubuntu, Debian, AlmaLinux and Rocky.
Linux
Understanding Linux Load Average, top and htop
What the three load average numbers mean against your core count, what top and htop show, and how to tell CPU pressure from I/O wait and memory trouble.
Linux
How to Update a Linux Server Safely (and Automate Security Patches)
The right way to run updates on Ubuntu, Debian and AlmaLinux, what to check before and after, when to reboot, and how to automate security patches only.
Linux
Ubuntu vs Debian vs AlmaLinux vs Rocky: Which Linux for a Server?
The practical differences between the server distributions — release cycles, package freshness, support length, tooling — and which to pick for what.
Linux
How to Schedule Tasks With Cron (and Know When They Fail)
Cron syntax with examples, where jobs live, running them as the right user, capturing output, and how to get told when a job fails instead of finding out later.
Linux
How to Add Swap Space to a VPS
Create a swap file on a Linux VPS in five commands, size it correctly, set swappiness so it is a safety net rather than a slowdown, and make it survive reboots.
Linux
How to Check Disk Space on Linux and Find What Is Filling It
df, du and ncdu to see where the space went, the usual culprits on a web server — logs, backups, caches, mail — and how to clear them safely.
Linux
systemd Basics: Start, Stop, Enable and Read Logs with journalctl
The systemctl commands that manage services on modern Linux, how to start a service at boot, write a unit for your own app, and read logs with journalctl.
Linux
How to Set Up SSH Keys and Turn Off Password Login
Generate an ed25519 key on Mac, Linux or Windows, install it on the server, test it, and disable password authentication so brute-force attacks cannot succeed.
Linux
How to Create a Sudo User and Disable Root SSH Login
Create a user with sudo rights on Ubuntu, Debian, AlmaLinux or Rocky, test it, then lock root out of SSH without locking yourself out.
Linux
20 Linux Commands Every Server Admin Uses Daily
The commands that cover 95% of real server work — logs, resources, services, files and finding what is wrong — each with the flags worth knowing.
Linux
Linux File Permissions Explained: chmod, chown and the Numbers
Read any ls -l line, understand 644 vs 755, fix "Permission denied" properly, and set the ownership a web server needs — without chmod 777.